What is the most accurate statement regarding HIV screening in pregnancy?

The statement regarding pregnant women being given the option to opt out of routine HIV testing reflects current guidelines in many healthcare settings. This approach emphasizes respect for patient autonomy while still promoting the importance of HIV screening during pregnancy. Providing the option to opt out allows women to make informed choices about their healthcare based on understanding the benefits of screening and the implications of HIV for both maternal and fetal health.

The context for this practice is grounded in public health policies aimed at reducing the transmission of HIV to newborns and providing treatment to the mother if necessary. Routine screening is recommended to identify new infections and help manage care effectively. However, ensuring that patients have the autonomy to consent or decline screening is essential in fostering trust and supporting their rights in the healthcare setting.

In contrast to this, while routine screening is a widely adopted practice, it is critical that patients are informed about it and allowed the choice to opt out if they wish. The other options involve written consent and offering screening in every trimester, which, while relevant practices, do not align as closely with the specific emphasis on patient choice provided by the correct answer.